Using covariance identities based on the Clark-Ocone representation formula we derive Gaussian density bounds and tail estimates for the probability law of the solutions of several types of stochastic differential equations, including Stratonovich equations with boundary condition and irregular drifts, and equations driven by fractional Brownian motion. Our arguments are generally simpler than the existing ones in the literature as our approach avoids the use of the inverse of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator.

Breakup of small aggregates in fully developed turbulence is studied by means of direct numerical simulations in a series of typical bounded and unbounded flow configurations, such as a turbulent channel flow, a developing boundary layer and homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The simplest criterion for breakup is adopted, whereby aggregate breakup occurs when the local hydrodynamic stress "1=2, with " being the energy dissipation at the position of the aggregate, overcomes a given threshold cr, which is characteristic for a given type of aggregate.

The melting of glaciers coming with climate change threatens the heritage of the last glaciation of Europe likely contained in subglacial lakes in Greenland and Svalbard. This aspect urges specialists to focus their studies (theoretical, numerical and on-field) on such fascinating objects. Along this line we have built up a numerical procedure for validating the conjecture of the existence of a subglacial lake beneath the Amundsenisen Plateau at South-Spitzbergen, Svalbard. In this work we describe the algorithm and significant representative results of the related numerical test.

We address the problem of supply chain management for a set of fresh and highly perishable products. Our activity mainly concerns forecasting sales. The study involves 19 retailers (small and medium size stores) and a set of 156 different fresh products. The available data is made of three year sales for each store from 2011 to 2013. The forecasting activity started from a pre-processing analysis to identify seasonality, cycle and trend components, and data filtering to remove noise.

The generation of complex vorticity pattern in aft-finocyl solid rocket motors is inves- tigated in this paper by means of full-3D ILES CFD simulations with a high-order/low- dissipation class of centered numerical schemes with oscillation control and an immersed boundary treatment of the propellant grain surface, treated with a level-set approach. The development of vortical/shear structures is observed both at the motor axis, immediately downstream the igniter and across the finocyl region and in the submergence region.

In the present work the numerical simulation of breaking wave processes is discussed. A detailed analysis is performed using Smoothing Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) models as well as a mesh-based Level-Set Finite Volume Method (LS-FVM). Considerations on the numerical dissipation involved in such models are discussed within the frameworks of weakly compressible and incompressible ssumptions. The breaking wave processes are simulated using both mono- and two-phases models. Due to the extensive test-cases discussed, the present analysis is limited to a bi-dimensional framework.

Interaction of the vortex systems detached from a propeller with a rudder installed in its wake is investigated by CFD. The correct prediction of this phenomenon is of great interest in naval hydrodynamics research, it being the source of irradiated noise and vibratory loads. The phenomenology is addressed by simulating a single bladed propeller (INSEAN E779A) and a rudder characterized by a rectangular plane area and symmetric sectional shape (NACA0020 profiles).

The conservation of wall paintings in archaeological sites can be difficult due to the severe damage caused by living organisms, which can degrade substrates as a result of their growth and metabolic activity. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the degradation processes affecting the artefacts of an archaeological site and to predict areas where conservation is most at risk and precarious. The study focussed on the archaeological site of Monte Sannace (Italy) and Paleopolis (Greece).