The PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa) hyperspectral satellite, launched by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) is presently operational on a global scale. The mission includes the hyperspectral imager PRISMA working in the 400-2500 nm spectral range with 234 bands and a panchromatic (PAN) camera (400-750 nm). In the context of this work, we intend to determine the two noise components (photon and thermal noise) and assess SNR with an image based approach.

To evaluate changes in the Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) index, one of the key indicators of land degradation neutrality, soil carbon modeling is of primary importance. In litera-ture, the analysis has been focused on the stability characterization of soil carbon steady states and in the calculation of the resilience of the stable equilibria. Neither stability nor resilience, however, provide any information about transient dynamics, and models with highly resilient equilibria can exhibit dramatic transient responses to perturbations.

In this paper, an algorithm for the numerical evaluation of hypersingular finite-part integrals with rapidly oscillating kernels is proposed. The method is based on an interpolatory procedure at zeros of the orthogonal polynomials with respect to the first kind Chebyshev weight. Bounds of the error and of the amplification factor are also provided. Numerically stable procedure are obtained and the corresponding algorithms can be implemented in a fast way.

Recent literature confirms the crucial influence of non-viscous deformations together with temperature impact on glacier and rock glacier flow numerical simulation. Along this line, supported by the successful test on a one-dimensional set-up developed by two of the author, we propose the numerical solution of a two-dimensional rock-glacier flow model based on an ice constitutive law of second grade differential type .

Functionally graded materials (FGMs), possessing properties that vary smoothly from one region to another, have been receiving increasing attention in recent years, particularly in the aerospace, automotive and biomedical sectors. However, they have yet to reach their full potential. In this paper, we explore the potential of FGMs in the context of drug delivery, where the unique material characteristics offer the potential of finetuning drug-release for the desired application.

We tackle the problem of coupling a spatiotemporal model for simulating the spread and control of an invasive alien species with data coming from image processing and expert knowledge. In this study, we implement a spatially explicit optimal control model based on a reaction-diffusion equation which includes an Holling II type functional response term for modeling the density control rate. The model takes into account the budget constraint related to the control program and searches for the optimal effort allocation for the minimization of the invasive alien species density.

In this paper, a complete picture of the different plastic failure modes that can be predicted by the strain gradient plasticity model proposed in Del Piero et al. (J. Mech. Mater. Struct. 8:109-151, 2013) is drawn. The evolution problem of the elasto-plastic strain is formulated in Del Piero et al. (J. Mech. Mater. Struct. 8:109-151, 2013) as an incremental minimization problem acting on an energy functional which includes a local plastic term and a non-local gradient contribution.

We consider here a cell-centered finite difference approximation of the Richards equation in three dimensions, averaging for interface values the hydraulic conductivity, a highly nonlinear function, by arithmetic, upstream and harmonic means. The nonlinearities in the equation can lead to changes in soil conductivity over several orders of magnitude and discretizations with respect to space variables often produce stiff systems of differential equations.