We study the imaging and interferometric performances of a MIMO radar on board of an airship as alternative to airborne and spaceborne SAR remote sensing techniques. Four different MIMO radar arrays are designed working in L, C, X and Ku frequency bands. A frequency bandwidth of 250 MHz has been considered for the MIMO radars. The spatial resolution is 0.6 m in range and 0.3 degree in azimuth. The imaging and interferometric performances of the MIMO radar are analyzed in terms of the airship stability.

In this work we present a methodology to estimate the 3D distribution of water vapor in atmosphere based on the use of SAR interferometry (InSAR) and Sentinel-l data. Maps of propagation delay in atmosphere are assimilated in a high resolution Numerical Weather Model to enhance the forecast of atmosphere parameters. These are used to compute the atmosphere refractivity. Furthermore, 3D maps of hydrometers in atmosphere are derived after the assimilation of InSAR data. Both refractivity and hydrometeors maps are used to map 3D Water vapor patterns in atmosphere.

A Global Navigational Satellite System (GNSS) tomography experiment has been performed for 1 week, introducing Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) remote sensing data to initiate and update a 3D wet refractivity hourly solution series of the troposphere. Some qualitative and quantitate studies have been performed, taking advantage of a local radiosonde campaign with a 4-hour sampling data. 3D wet refractivity maps with an accuracy close to 2 g/m 3 are obtained.

Very high resolution precipitable water vapor maps obtained by the Sentinel-1 A synthetic aperture radar (SAR), using the SAR interferometry (InSAR) technique, are here shown to have a positive impact on the performance of severe weather forecasts.

The cooperation of scientists in Big-Sky-Earth COST Action creates an emergent group of researchers with relation to meteor science. Selected cases of development of novel approaches and techniques for meteor simulation and observation are presented.

We study the impact of assimilating very high-resolution Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) maps into a non-hydrostatic Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model by the three-dimensional variational (3D-var) technique. PWV maps are obtained by processing the Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), using the SAR interferometry (InSAR) technique. Changes in the 3D distribution of water vapor, temperature and wind are studied to explain the onset of a deep convection phenomenon.

The aim of this paper is to describe how ground-based radar interferometry can provide displacement measurements of earth dam surfaces and of vibration frequencies of its main concrete infrastructures. In many cases, dams were built many decades ago and, at that time, were not equipped with in situ sensors embedded in the structure when they were built. Earth dams have scattering properties similar to landslides for which the Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GBSAR) technique has been so far extensively applied to study ground displacements.

In this study, an experiment aimed to integrate Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) atmospheric data with meteorological data into a neural network system is performed. Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) estimates derived from GNSS are combined with surface pressure, surface temperature and relative humidity obtained continuously from ground-based meteorological stations. The work aims to develop a methodology to forecast short-term intense rainfall. Hence, all the data is sampled at one hour interval.

This paper is focused on visualization of the information extracted by GBSAR data acquired in landslide areas. It describes the way Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) can be used to generate and visualize accurate GBSAR images and displacement maps in near real time. Examples of GBSAR images, as radar coordinates and rendered on Digital Surface Models (DSMs), coherence and displacement maps are shown.