The ionospheric D-region affects propagation of electromagnetic waves including ground-based signals and satellite signals during its intensive disturbances. Consequently, the modeling of electromagnetic propagation in the D-region is important in many technological domains. One of sources of uncertainty in the modeling of the disturbed D-region is the poor knowledge of its parameters in the quiet state at the considered location and time period.

The aim of this paper is to deepen the application of value at risk in the cyber domain, with particular attention to its potential role in security investment valuation. Cyber risk is a fundamental component of the overall risk faced by any organization. In order to plan the size of security investments and to estimate the consequent risk reduction, managers strongly need to quantify it. Accordingly, they can decide about the possibility of sharing residual risk with a third party, such as an insurance company.

We show that minimizers of the Heitmann-Radin energy (Heitmann and Radin in J Stat Phys 22(3): 281-287, 1980) are unique if and only if the particle number N belongs to an infinite sequence whose first thirty-five elements are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 19, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 37, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 61, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 91, 96, 102, 108, 114, 120 (see the paper for a closed-form description of this sequence).

In this paper, we develop a three-dimensional multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM) based on a set of non-orthogonal basis vectors. Compared with the classical MRT-LBM based on a set of orthogonal basis vectors, the present non-orthogonal MRT-LBM simplifies the transformation between the discrete velocity space and the moment space and exhibits better portability across different lattices.

The definition of suitable generative models for synthetic yet realistic social networks is a widely studied problem in the literature. By not being tied to any real data, random graph models cannot capture all the subtleties of real networks and are inadequate for many practical contexts--including areas of research, such as computational epidemiology, which are recently high on the agenda.

We consider a simple discrete model for screw dislocations in crystals. Using a variational discrete scheme we study the motion of a configuration of dislocations toward low energy configurations. We deduce an effective fully overdamped dynamics that follows the maximal dissipation criterion introduced in Cermelli and Gurtin (1999) and predicts motion along the glide directions of the crystal. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Motivation Inflammation is part of the complex function that addresses harmful stimuli, and the first phase of wound healing (WH), which guarantees living systems' homeostasis. Deviances from physiology make inflammation turn acute (sepsis, 11M death/y) or chronic (non-communicable diseases, 41M death/y). Therefore, tackling inflammation is a key priority.

The Internet evolution is one of the greatest innovations of the twentieth century and has changed lives of individuals and business organizations. On the other hand, potential attacks on the information systems and eventual crash may cause heavy losses on data, services and business operation. Executives and security professionals are accepting that it is not a matter of if but a matter of when their organization will be hit by a cyber-attack. As a consequence, cyber risk is a fast-growing area of concern.